354
TEMMUZ-AĞUSTOS 2010
 
MİMARLIK'tan

MİMARLIK DÜNYASINDAN

YAYINLAR

  • Pisa Kulesi
    Gürhan Tümer, Prof. Dr., DEÜ Mimarlık Bölümü



KÜNYE
İNGİLİZCE ÖZET / ENGLISH SUMMARY

MİMARLIK . 354 | July-August 2010

ARCHITECTURAL POLICIES

European Forum for Architectural Policies: Madrid / Tuğçe Selin Tağmat

European Forum for Architectural Policies (EFAP) organises a conference twice each year, hosted by EU presidency countries, in order to discuss the architecture in Europe and its built environment. This year the Conference of European Forum of Architecture policy (EFAP), was hosted by Spain, as the presidency of the EU on April 29-30 in Madrid. The theme of the conference was evolved around the topics that were related to architectural and urban policies stated in the approach of Spanish presidency, highlighting the effects of economic crises on cities and possible precautions to be taken against the increasing demographic and environmental changes.     

FROM RURAL/CITY

Tillo: “Cas Houses” of a Time/ Kamuran Sami

Until recently Tillo village, located within the territories of Siirt, continued its religious intellectual character along with the young Republic. Being located in a rural setting Tillo village not only has noteworthy religious, monumental and civil architectural examples, but also has been a living space of different powers in the history of civilisation and a social centre for nourishing religious ideas. Etymologically the word “tillo” means “high spirits” in Syriac and “welcoming intellectuals” in Arabic. “Cas houses” of Tillo, which has managed to preserve its social fabric particular to rural life, represent the authentic architectural examples of the region. Introverted lifestyle, local materials and harsh natural conditions have created an architectural response indigenous to the region.   

ARCHITECTURE

New Annexe of the London Natural History Museum: Darwin Centre II / Nuray Özaslan

The competition opened to achieve an annexe for one of the major museums of London, Natural History Museum, was won by CF Moller Architectural Office in 2001 and the new building was opened to public in September 2001. With a collection of 17 million animal and 3 million plant species the museum is being used as a centre of research and interactive learning. The need to protect nature, which is getting destroyed by the effects of global warming and the vastness of nature, are aspects represented metaphorically in the form of a giant silk cocoon in the building. The architecture of Darwin Centre II was built upon the metaphoric and spatial relation set between the functions of the building and the current state of nature. 

PRESERVATION- REVITALISTATION

Kaunos Archaeological Park: Principles and Implementations (2004-2009) / Yasemen Say Özer, Nevzat Oğuz Özer

There have been continuous archaeological excavations in the city Kaunos since 1966, however starting from 2004 these excavations focused on turning the site into an “archaeological park”. Kaunos Archaeological Park project evaluates the topography of the city, its architectural fabric and natural data as a whole. All the new organisations and additions within the site, including the orientation signs and the design of the museum are being designed under the light of detailed discussions. The project, rather than limiting the issue of ancient cities as mere subject of scientific studies, focuses on advancing the architectural tools for creating different forms of perception of the city by the society and adopts a reversible intervention process, which can be altered due to future changes in conceptions/needs/technologies.

ON COMPETITIONS

Competitors of Architecture: Continuity in Participation to Architectural Competitions/ Pınar Dinç

In the scope of the event “Competitors of Architecture”, organised in 2008, 7 architects, who have graduated from the architecture department of Gazi University and are successful in architectural competitions, tried to answer “what are the requirements to have success and a long time existence in architectural competitions?” In the article the significance of getting acquainted with the competition environment during the graduate education, the tight communication /  interaction set with the competitors, seeing competitions as a medium for continuous education and unshakable belief despite frustrations and negative aspects of the competitions, are stressed as the major criteria for the competitors.   

COMPETITION

An Ideas Competition on Mosque Architecture in the Memory of Grand Master Mimar Sinan 

Announced by the Metropolitan Municipality of Kayseri in January 2010, Ideas Competition on Mosque Architecture in the Memory of Grand Master Mimar Sinan, aimed to bring forth the discussions on mosque architecture in the limits of its inner dynamics and to achieve sparkling ideas and structural innovations on the topic. Mosques, due to their functional obligations,  their places within the society,  the relations they set with their surroundings, particular restrictions, patterns and their capacity to reflect new inclinations, are significant and austere types of structures that have sacred and symbolic qualities. Among 250 projects, which propose a “placeless” project for this type of building, the jury has selected 6 awards of the same rank.

COMPETITION

Municipality of Edirne, Selimiye Mosque and Environment National Urban Planning Competition

The competition, opened by the Municipality of Edirne, focuses on the planning of city crown of Edirne, Selimiye Mosque and its environment, which was listed in the front lines of the Turkey’s World Heritage and also recommended to be on the list of World Heritage to UNESCO. The competition aimed to achieve an urban design project, which entails the preservation of historical and cultural potentials of the region and allows its transmission to future generations. Competitors were asked to regard the mosque and the environment as a whole, to propose ideas on how the mosque can relate to the city, how the visual and physical qualities of the city centre can be enriched and how to provide spaces that contribute to the image and social life within the city. Added to these it was asked to propose an approach in the light of contemporary preservation principles, and to put forward transformation models, which introduce design principles covering aesthetic, functional, economic and contemporary solutions for the betterment of the site. Among the 54 projects submitted the jury decided to give 3 awards and 5 mention awards. No purchase awards were given.  

URBAN PLANNING

A Region Receded from Sustainable Tourism: Belek Centre of Tourism / Ersin Acar İnam, Deniz Erinsel Önder

Belek region of Antalya was announced as the “centre of tourism” in 1984 and as “tourism investment area” later in 1986. East Antalya development plan in 1/25000 scale, which was prepared the very same year was awarded in a competition opened by UN Economic and Social Work Group, thus declared as a successful and exemplary project. However after many changes the plan has faced until today, it seems now that the natural environment and capacity of touristic facilities are coerced and the region receded from achieving a sustainable tourism.  Authors, by assessing the initial planning decisions and later revisions, portray how a planning process which had a positive start was obstructed later. They further highlight the decisions that disregarded the initial planning ideas.     

BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES

Seismic Performance of Masonry Village Buildings in 2006 Iran-Silakhor Earthquake / Jalal Salek Zamankhani, Görün Arun

On March 31st, 2006 an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.1 had hit the Silakor region of the city of Borujerd in Iran. The earthquake caused the death of approximately 66 and the injury of 1280 people, and damaged many buildings in 330 villages located close to the centre of the earthquake. However, unreinforced masonry buildings and structures, especially in rural areas, faced the most serious damages. The authors evaluate the seismic performances of buildings similar to unreinforced masonry structures in the Silakhor region. Seismic behaviours of these small-scale simple structures are quite instructive for architects and provide basic information.

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

Dynamics of Contemporary Architecture: The Invisible Part of the Iceberg / Özgür Ediz, Yasemin Erbil, Nilüfer Akıncıtürk

Technology-oriented developments, today, have resulted in the loss of validity of the strict organisational model, which was based on the mass production and distribution services of standard goods in industrial societies. Authors state that the concept of “mass production”, which dominated the 20th century, has transformed in the light of new tensions projected with the start of the 21st century and turned into a new paradigm, which can be named as “mass customisation”. They further discuss the background of the changes of the 21st century architecture.    

BUILDING STANDARDS

Assessment of Evacuation Organisation in the Face of Disasters in İstanbul Grand Bazaar/ Gül Yücel, Görün Arun

Grand Bazaar of İstanbul is a significant centre of congestion in the historical peninsula with 25 thousand employees and crowded visitors ranging around 500 thousand in summer and 300 thousand in winter. It establishes its connection with its environment with 21 doors that open to different streets in diverse directions. The earthquakes and fires in its 500 years of history show that the systems of evacuation and safe escape routes can be affected and need to be updated. Authors present a ground for future solutions that can overcome the problems of exit points, the relations set with the close environment and surrounding transportation networks by evaluating the characteristics of exit gates, their relations with the surrounding streets and their properties.

ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE

Utilisation of Wood in Attaining Sustainable and Ecological Buildings / Elif Somer

Today, construction sector has to develop an aim to reduce harmful effects caused by the production and building processes in order to provide solutions to ecological problems. The use of wood is regaining importance in building technologies in Europe, where dissemination of the use of natural materials and development of industrial pre-production techniques are started to be promoted. Author suggests that housing needs and demands in our country can be met by improving wood technologies in the light of ecological developments. He further stresses the need to establish relations with European countries in order to conduct research projects on wood technologies, which also can provide alternative solutions of resistance towards earthquakes. 

ARCHITECTURE OF THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD

Objectifying the Modern in İzmir: A Period, Three Spaces and Rıza Aşkan / Meltem Ö. Gürel

Rıza Aşkan, as the head of Building and Technical Services Department in the Municipality of İzmir…is an architect with merit, who has conducted valuable projects at times when central and local governmental planning departments were working more effectively and efficiently.  The author, besides commenting on his efforts to represent what is modern architecturally, also portrays his world-view built upon an architecture that reflects the social life of the city and dominant cultural values.

MEA ARCHITECTURA MEA CULPA

Pisa Tower / Gürhan Tümer

Pisa Tower is a leaning tower. How can it be straightened? Can it be in this way, in that way or in another way? Or do you have any alternative suggestions? 

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